Three decades ago fierce polemics were conducted in the international communist movement on the theses of the Communist Party of China on the theory of the three worlds which differentiated the planet into three zones and argued for the unity of the second and third worlds and even US imperialism against the threat of Soviet social-imperialism. These views came into prominence after the speech of Deng Xiaoping at the United Nations on this theme in 1974. As US and Chinese diplomacy became more intimate after the meeting of Nixon and Mao Zedong in Beijing in 1972, which took place even as the US B-52 bombers were blasting the people of Vietnam, questions came to the fore on the support of People’s China to the pro-US client regimes of the Shah of Iran, Mobutu, and the fascist states of Spain and Chile. From 1971 at its Sixth Congress and onwards the Party of Labour of Albania expressed its opposition to any proposal to pull back from the struggle against both of the two superpowers. On the 7th July 1977 Zeri i Popullit published the editorial ’The Theory and Practice of Revolution’ which openly assailed the stand of the CPC on the theory of three worlds. The bulk of the trends in the CPI (ML) supported the CPC stand on three worlds theory as being the epitome of Mao Zedong thought with the honourable exception of the Mass Line tendency which briefly adhered to the PLA positions. As People’s China increasingly linked up with the US at the international level and as commodity-money relations accelerated and multiplied in the economy of People’s China the CPI (ML) groups quietly abandoned the theory of three worlds. In the context of these now historical polemics the following text which consists of the published excerpts of Mao Zedong’s talk with President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, and which is little known in India, is of considerable interest.